Riverside Logistics

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How would a strike at the West Coast ports impact us in 2022?

A potential strike at the West Coast ports  appeared imminent on July 1st but was averted,  for now.   The West Coast ILWU, International Longshore, and Warehouse Union had a contract up for renewal (July 1, 2022). They argued that since the Steamship lines have raised their rates significantly, and the port operators have made exceptional profits, that they should also share in the profits.  Not unreasonable.  Fortunately, as of this writing, it looks like an agreement was reached.

But what if the strike had happened? Below is a likely scenario….

First, the west coast would back up until long after the strike. Second, the east coast would get overloaded, very quickly, either due to sympathy work slowdowns or significantly increased workloads that exceed the east coasts port’s ability to unload and process containers. It would be a mess. As shippers re-route or diverted their shipments to the East Coast to compensate for the strike, the East Coast logistics networks would suffer. Instead of traffic coming from the west to east, those lanes would shut down. The capacity in the west would have less freight flowing back to the east coast so there would be a general lack of trucks to handle long haul freight, in either direction. The trucking network would be negatively impacted and take a long time to sort out. Intermodal movements would suffer as well. This would impact drayage carriers, produce container shortages and result in higher rates.

To summarize, everybody would suffer if the strike had happened, whether or not you ship internationally. The logistics network would be  out of balance, so costs would rise, service levels would drop, and every shipper would be miserable. Remember that it’s a network, with lots of moving pieces. When these pieces don’t move like they’ve been designed to, the network starts to fail. That failure is painful to everyone.

If the Federal Government had stepped in it would have tried to avert the strike. If that happened, then there would still be consequences. The West Coast ILWU could show their ire through work stoppages, slowdowns, sick calls, and any number of methods to slow the flow and impact as many people as possible to demonstrate their worth and power.

What should you do as a shipper to prepare? Here are 3 recommendations to try and protect your margins and maintain your logistics costs at a reasonable/workable level:

  1. Try partnering with a 3PL to lock in rates and services. 3PL’s have multiple contracts with carriers and these can help you manage your costs and protect your service. If you’re a medium to small sized shipper, this type of relationship can really help you.
  2. Pool your resources. Try to concentrate your business into larger pools of freight and sign annual contracts to lock in rates for at least a year. Don’t play the spot markets. You’ll lose in the long run.
  3. Have a plan. Determine what you will do if a strike happens, and you still have trouble shipping to customers. Be transparent with your customers. Make sure that they know what you’re experiencing, what you’re doing about it, and set reasonable expectations with those customers so they can plan accordingly. Make sure you re-visit your plan periodically and adjust it as the picture changes.

It’s not a good time right now for the logistics community. There are several potentially bad environmental factors hitting all at the same time. However, if you plan, partner with a 3PL (a good one) and pool your resources, you stand a much better chance of maintaining your relative competitive position in the marketplace.

Fortunately, a west coast port strike was averted.  But risks still exist in the supply chain.  The government can’t afford to let that happen, neither can the steamship lines or the port operators. A strike was either delayed or pushed off. However, can you afford to sit back and do nothing? It would be wise to discuss and plan for potential disruptions in your supply chain. Hopefully, you’ve weathered the Pandemic related supply chain woes and now this next potential disruption is no longer imminent. At the very least, if you are a small to mid-sized firm, try exploring the possibility of partnering with a 3PL to can help you navigate these tricky logistical waters. There isn’t any downside risk to looking into a 3PL partnership, and there’s a lot of help to be had by doing so.

Riverside Logistics would be happy to help you plan your logistics network, bulletproof your carrier base, and keep you competitive in the marketplace by providing cost effective solutions to your warehousing and transportation needs. After living through the pandemic and the effect it has had on your supply chain, you understand how fragile the network is and how impactful changes to it can be. Don’t be a victim of your supply chain without at least looking into a 3PL relationship. We are here to help and would be very willing to consult with you on potential opportunities to shore-up your network.

Riverside Logistics can be reached at 804-474-7000 Option 4. Ask for a LMC consultant and get started on being proactive towards your supply chain.

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How does the price of a barrel of oil affect your freight cost?

Freight Rates have been going up at a record pace lately and one of the main reasons is that fuel prices are also at record levels.

In March, U.S. oil spiked to a 13 year high at over $130/barrel. A key driver was the Russian Invasion of Ukraine. In addition, US producers were slow to respond. They just didn’t have the capacity or willingness to ramp up quickly. Right now, demand is high, and supply is constrained, so that means the upward pressure on prices will continue.

When looking at how fuel relates to oil, it’s helpful to understand that refineries produce about 11 gallons of diesel fuel for every 42 gallons of crude oil, so the higher the cost of a barrel of oil, the higher the pump price for diesel. Diesel is the primary source of fuel for large tractor trailers and accounts for approximately 20% of a carriers cost to operate, so it’s going to highly impact trucking related freight rates. This will also take capacity out of the market as independent truckers adjust record high diesel prices. Now  let’s look at different types of loads and transportation methods and how high diesel prices will change your freight cost.

Trucking Types:

Linehaul rates, the base rates for moving product from point A to point B, are triggered primarily by supply and demand factors. Load to Truck ratios drive spot pricing (daily pricing on freight load boards). The more loads and less capacity the higher the linehaul rates. Fuel Surcharges, on the other hand, are usually setup as a sliding scale, based on the Department of Energy ( D.O.E.) national average price of fuel. The scale slides up and down in cents per mile or as a % of revenue in accordance with designated bands of fuel costs. Usually, these fuel surcharges (FSC’s) are in cents per mile for over-the-road truckers, and in % of revenue for Less-than-truckload and Small Package. Current FSC’s are running around 31% for LTL and 96 cents per mile for truckload with diesel at 5.51$/gallon. They have increased dramatically since the first of the year.

The same dynamic between oil costs and fuel costs impact the other modes of transport as well. Ocean, Rail and Air transport all have significant expenses tied to fuel costs.

Ocean

For Ocean, fuel costs represent 50-60% of their operating costs.

Air

For Air carriers it’s more like 40% and is their biggest variable expense. This expense affects air transport belly freight as well as parcel express freight.

Rail

For railroads fuel cost represent about 20% of their operating costs. When fuel prices rise, rail becomes a more desirable solution vs truck, the converse is true when oil and fuel prices drop.

What is being done about all this?

The Carrier community is doing a couple of things.

Air carriers buy fuel hedges to guard against upward price swings. However, when prices drop, margins get hurt. They pass along fuel costs in the form of surcharges on their rates. These are currently running in the neighborhood of 25% of linehaul costs.

Ocean carriers are doing what’s called “slow steaming” to mitigate fuel costs. By reducing their speeds, they can save up to 59% of their fuel costs. The downside is that the travel time increases significantly. From days to weeks in some cases. Ocean carriers charge what’s called a “Bunker Adjustment Factor” or BAF, which is usually tied to the cost of Brent Crude Oil. Currently these charges run by trade lane and are reaching all-time highs of over $600 per 40’ container.

Rail Carriers are running diesel-electric locomotives which capitalize on the benefits of both energy types to improve the efficiency of their travel costs. Railroads, however, also impose mileage-based fuel surcharges. These have doubled since the beginning of 2022. They are now around 76 cents per mile.

The EIA or US Energy Information Administration posts the national average diesel price every Monday. Using this number along with the MPG of a truck (usually around 6mpg) and a pre-determined baseline (typically $1.50/gallon) you can calculate the Fuel surcharges that a motor carrier would ask for. The surcharge scale used is open to negotiation with shippers. Many shippers create their own fuel surcharge tables and when contracting with carriers, may force the carriers to use them. At the end of the day, Line haul cost + fuel surcharges = the total cost of transportation. So, if the shipper has a shipper-favorable fuel surcharge table, then probably the line haul rates will be increased by the carrier to compensate. At the end of the day the carriers must try and protect their margins and recoup their costs.

Depending on what type of shipper you are, a lot of the fuel impact depends on your base rates and whether you buy transportation on a “spot” or a “contractual” basis. If you buy contractually, which is recommended, your base rates usually remain the same for the term of your contract. Most contracts are a for at least one year. If you buy your transportation on the spot market, then you are exposed to the vagaries of the market. Fuel cost is always a floating cost that traditionally moves with the price of oil. Linehaul Base rates float on the spot market based on supply and demand in each market. If there are more loads than trucks, then rates go up. If the converse is true, then rates go down. Just remember if your base prices go up, and fuel is reflected as a percentage of base rates, then you take a larger hit than you would if the base rates didn’t float, i.e.., if you had contractual linehaul rates that were stable for a period. Not only will this save you money, but it will also allow you to plan you costs better.

The goal of any shipper is to negotiate a fuel surcharge that is favorable to their business and helps them maintain a strong competitive position. There are a few items that shippers should consider when deciding on a carrier to ship their goods.

  • Make sure the carrier fully explains how their fuel surcharge formula works and when it is adjusted. For example, weekly, monthly, quarterly, every Tuesday, etc.
  • Don’t assume that a high fuel scale base rate is bad. When the base fuel rate is higher, fuel surcharges usually are lower. Also make sure your cost bands are as large as possible. This will help minimize fluctuations.
  • If you negotiate a favorable FSC scale, make sure that your base linehaul rates are fixed for at least a year. This way your base doesn’t change except when it’s time to re-negotiate the contract. Thus, allowing you to better plan your costs for the year.
  • Make sure that when comparing carriers and modes that you fully understand how their individual fsc’s apply. Also, don’t forget to calculate the transit implication of using one mode over another. Dollars saved on transport can be lost because the products don’t arrive as soon as they are needed.

What does all of this mean for your freight cost in the next year? Lot’s of uncertainty and increasing complexity of solutions that provide a secure supply chain at a market price that allows your business to compete and grow. With all of this uncertainty, small & mid-size companies are going to find it challenging to mitigate cost and remain competitive.

Riverside Logistics is an expert in logistics costs and can help you with fuel surcharge negotiations and setting up scales favorable to your business. Give us a call at 804-474-7700 extension 82. We are here to help!

 

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What does it cost to hire a third-party logistics company to manage your transportation?

Often, a third-party logistics Company (3PL) can allow you to save money!

The cost to hire a Third-Party Logistics Company (3PL) is usually done on a pay as you go basis.

For example, if you use a 3PL to handle and manage your transportation needs, the typical way that they charge you is by marking up their transportation costs before they invoice you.

Here are some good reasons to hire a 3PL to manage your transportation:

  1. BUYING POWER: Riverside has numerous clients, using the same carrier base. This allows them to leverage this volume into lower rates than if you dealt directly with the carrier yourself. The amount of discount and reduction that Riverside receives, plus our markup percentage, is usually very competitive to the level of cost you yourself could find or negotiate. This means that we are usually more competitive, even with our markup than you would be on your own. Lower cost means cost savings.
  1. EXPERIENCE: Riverside has negotiating experience across many industries. We know carriers give more competitive pricing the better they understand the characteristics of the freight (i.e. commodity, dimension, weight, origin, destination and product value). Our goal is to find the best cost/service ratio for our customers using our visibility of a larger network portion of the supply chain.
  1. MANAGEMENT: Riverside has experience and expertise that allows us to be your Transportation Department. This means you don’t have to pay for a staff to manage and execute your transportation needs. We do it. This represents a substantial advantage to you. We handle all your freight audit and pay activity, making sure that the invoices are fully documented and are correct before we pay them. 
  1. SYSTEMS: Riverside uses technology to capture the relevant transportation data to efficiently run your business. This is important in today’s supply chain. It means we can track your shipments, transaction cost, and shipping and receiving metrics. All this can be done in real time. A 3PL utilizes these systems to properly manage and execute a logistics strategy that keeps you competitive.

In summary, a transportation 3PL brings a disciplined approach to purchasing and executing your transportation strategy. The ultimate goal is delivering service to your customers at a competitive price while saving you money.

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What can Supply Chain Consultants do for me?

Consultants sometimes have a bad rap right out of the gate. After all who wants someone to tell you how to do your job or run your business?

Frankly, if your business is growing and changing you probably need a consultant to help you chart your future.

This is not a small under-taking and it can be challenging but very rewarding when approached with the correct partner. The key is understanding your objectives, what is realistic to expect as a return on your investment, and the type of knowledge that a Logistics Consultant can bring to the table.

When do you need a consultant?

Some good indicators might be the following:

  1. You are either privately held or a division of a large company in a specific market that is a new focus.
  2. You have reached 50 million dollars in sales revenue.
  3. You have primarily operated from one location.
  4. You want to grow your business by expanding geographically.
  5. You want to grow by acquisition.
  6. Your current logistics team is knowledgeable, but they have never operated multiple locations, evaluated multiple modes of transportation, or possessed the support staff to train new employees.
  7. Transportation is a big part of your total cost of going to market.
  8. The value of your business in either service or manufacturing is very high per employee.
  9. You have product coming through a port but are uncertain of what ports are best and why.
  10. Your Supply Chain Costs are increasing dramatically in Warehouse and or Transportation and you do not have a formal way to measure your investment.

Let’s look at and talk about Supply Chain and Logistics Management Consultants (LMC). They are SME (subject matter experts) on how to move your Logistics Network from where it is today, to where it needs to be in the future. Network evaluations are relatively painless, but they take time to complete properly. For example, if you feel that a 6-week consultation will allow you to plan for and adapt to a new network, don’t waste the money.

If, however, you realize that the process could and should take up to 6 months to fully realize, then go for it. Because like most things that are keys to your business success, they take time.

Supply Chain costs are rising, becoming more complex and now demand more automation. It only makes sense to have someone who has been down the path before, who can guide your team and bring in expertise if your current management does not provide that expertise. As your business expands, its demands for adequate supply chain management increase. These increases are like stepping-stones. They go up in increments or buckets. For example, you may have to go from a single warehouse to multiple warehouses. Or quite the opposite, you may have grown by opening small warehouses throughout your network and now need to take a hard look at a smaller number of warehouses, maybe even just one, with a larger single set of inventories. And, oh by the way, you may need a WMS (warehouse management system) and a TMS (transportation management system) or an upgrade to both if you already have some in place. Additionally, how do you, or how will you, handle managing you transportation needs. Will you do it “in-house” or utilize external management?. What are the upsides and downsides of each approach? How have you accommodated supply chain risk? Did you factor in the trade-offs between operating different (multiple) facilities as opposed to one large facility? This logic also holds for how, when and where you source your product. If the pandemic has taught you anything, it has taught you the value of operating a flexible supply chain for both sourcing as well as moving product through your system.

So how does a LMC Consultant provide you with value?

Here’s how: If competent, they can create a roadmap of “AS IS” and “TO BE” showing how you stack up against industry baselines, how you maximize your competitive supply chain profile and how to develop a sustainable “TO BE” supply chain that helps rather than hinders your business as it expands.

All in all, the question is not whether you need a LMC consultation, its whether you can afford NOT to hire and use one. Market conditions are moving faster than ever. How long would it take your management team to learn what they need to know? Savings in speed can provide a lot of value. Rather than debating a topic for a year a consultant can provide solutions much faster. How much is that worth to your business? If you do not hire a consultant will opportunities vanish?

Typical savings that we encounter from our own consulting efforts usually generate savings in Supply Chain costs, NET savings, of between 15% and 25% long term. If you’re in it for the long term and you have a business that is growing, you need to strongly consider hiring a LMC Consultant to help steer your business through the myriad of supply chain issues affecting your business now and in the foreseeable future.

Riverside Logistics, has been in business for over 25 years and has accumulated a very “long and strong” set of capabilities to analyze, recommend, and execute a Logistics plan for you company. Give us a call at 804-474-770 extension 82 . We are here to help!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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